A Comprehensive Emissions Model Combining Autonomous Vehicles with Park and Ride and Electric Vehicle Transportation Policies

Arpad Torok,Jairo Ortega,Mohammed Obaid

doi:10.3390/su13094653

Arpad Torok, Jairo Ortega + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/su13094653

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Journal: Sustainability	Publication Date: Apr 22, 2021
Citations: 17	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Budapest University of Technology and Economics

Abstract

Several transport policies reduce pollution levels caused by private vehicles by introducing autonomous or electric vehicles and encouraging mode shift from private to public transport through park and ride (P&R) facilities. However, combining the policies of introducing autonomous vehicles with the implementation of electric vehicles and using the P&R system could amplify the decrease of transport sector emissions. The COPERT software has been used to calculate the emissions. This article aims to study these policies and determine which combinations can better reduce pollution. The result shows that each combination of autonomous vehicles reduces pollution to different degrees. In conclusion, the shift to more sustainable transport modes through autonomous electric vehicles and P&R systems reduces pollution in the urban environment to a higher percentage. In contrast, the combination of autonomous vehicles has lower emission reduction but is easier to implement with the currently available infrastructure.

Highlights

A sustainable urban mobility plan (SUMP) is a plan that combines short, medium, and long-term policies and mobility strategies providing citizens with an environmentally friendly city [1]
The results show that the emission reduction standard will reduce carbon monoxide (CO), CO2, nitrogen oxides (NOx), and PM emissions by approximately 23%, 12%, 23%, and
The first column is the real data stipulated in the SUMP of the city, and the second column is the data calculated by the software under the same conditions using the current traffic situation

Summary

Introduction

A sustainable urban mobility plan (SUMP) is a plan that combines short-, medium-, and long-term policies and mobility strategies providing citizens with an environmentally friendly city [1]. A range of strategies based on the SUMP includes transport policies aimed to minimize emissions by private vehicles in the urban area. There are environmentally sustainable policies that include replacing traditional private vehicles with electric ones [2]. The local government’s transport policies in the SUMP can independently apply all these policies or strategies. It is worth examining the combination of policies to decide which one is the most suitable and effective in reducing emissions [7]

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