Abstract
The success rate in landslide susceptibility mapping efforts increased with the advancements in machine learning algorithms and the availability of geospatial data with high spatial and temporal resolutions. Existing data-driven susceptibility mapping models are not globally applicable due to the high variability of landslide conditioning parameters and the limitations in the availability of up-to-date and accurate data. Among numerous applications, landslide susceptibility maps are essential for site selection and health monitoring of engineering structures, such as dams, for increasing their lifetime and to prevent from disastrous events caused by the damages. In this study, landslide susceptibility mapping performance of XGBoost algorithm was evaluated in a landslide-prone area in the upper basin of Ataturk Dam, which is a prime investment located in the southeast of Turkey. The study area has a size of 2718.7 km2 with an elevation difference of ca. 2000 m and contains 27 lithological units. EU-DEM v1.1 from the Copernicus Programme was used to derive the geomorphological features. High classification accuracy with area under curve value of 0.96 could be obtained from the XGBoost algorithm. According to the results, the main factors controlling the landslides in the study area are the lithology, altitude and topographic wetness index.
Highlights
Natural hazards are main focus of all nations and mentioned several times in the 2030Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) indicator framework of United Nations (UN) [1]
The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) and the precision–recall curves given in Figure 13 show very high area under the curve (AUC) (=0.96) and average precision (AP = 0.94) performances
The XGBoost algorithm was utilized for the landslide susceptibility (LS) mapping in the upper basin of Ataturk Dam, a great investment in the Southeast Anatolian part of Turkey
Summary
Natural hazards are main focus of all nations and mentioned several times in the 2030Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) indicator framework of United Nations (UN) [1]. The upper basin of the dam is located in the northeast and has parts within the administrative boundaries of Elazig, Diyarbakir and Malatya provinces. According to the landslide inventory (Figure 1) provided by [4] and the geosciences WebGIS (Web Geographical Information System) portal (Yerbilimleri Portali) of General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration (MTA—Maden Tetkik Arama) of Turkey [5], especially the upper basin of the dam is heavily prone to erosion and landslide, which may shorten the lifetime of the dam and jeopardize its safety. 1713 landslide events out of the total 23,286 in Turkey occurred in Malatya (688 events), Adiyaman (470 events), Elazig (301 events), Diyarbakir (219 events) and Sanliurfa (35 events) provinces in the period between 1950 and 2019 [2]
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