Abstract
BackgroundThe dysregulation of gut microbiota is pivotal in colorectal carcinogenesis. Meanwhile, altered gut microbiome may affect the development of intestinal diseases through interaction with the host genes. However, the synergy between the altered gut microbiota composition and differential expression of specific genes in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains elusive. Thus, we integrated the data from 16S rRNA gene sequences and RNA sequences to investigate the potential relationship between genes and gut microbes in patients with CRC.ResultsCompared with normal samples, the presence of Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria increased considerably in CRC samples; conversely, the abundance of Firmicutes and Spirochaetes decreased markedly. In particular, the genera Fusobacterium, Catenibacterium, and Shewanella were only detected in tumor samples. Meanwhile, a closely interaction between Butyricimonas and Clostridium was observed in the microbiome network. Furthermore, a total of 246 (differentially expressed genes) DEGs were identified between tumor and normal tissues. Both DEGs and microbiota were involved in bile secretion and steroid hormone biosynthesis pathways. Finally, genes like cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4 (CYP3A4) and ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) enriched in these two pathways were connected with the prognosis of CRC, and CRC patients with low expression level of CYP3A4 and ABCG2 had longer survival time.ConclusionIdentifying the complicated interaction between gut microbiota and the DEGs contributed to further understand the pathogenesis of CRC, and these findings might enable better diagnosis and treatment of CRC patients.
Highlights
IntroductionAltered gut microbiome may affect the development of intestinal diseases through interaction with the host genes
The dysregulation of gut microbiota is pivotal in colorectal carcinogenesis
It has been revealed that an altered gut microbiome may affect the development of intestinal diseases through interaction with the innate immune system and other host genes [12]
Summary
Altered gut microbiome may affect the development of intestinal diseases through interaction with the host genes. The synergy between the altered gut microbiota composition and differential expression of specific genes in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains elusive. It has been revealed that an altered gut microbiome may affect the development of intestinal diseases through interaction with the innate immune system and other host genes [12]. A previous study indicated that gut microbes induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions through various signaling pathways, such as Wnt- and TGF β-signaling pathway, resulting in invasion and metastasis of CRC cells [16] These findings emphasize that these specific pathways can influence the development of cancer through altering gene expression and microbiota composition [17]. Specific genes that may disrupt the gut microbial composition and cause CRC remain not well recognized
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