A complex network of QTL for thousand-kernel weight in the rye genome

Piotr Masojć,Paweł Milczarski,Anna Bienias,Piotr Kruszona

doi:10.1007/s13353-020-00559-3

Piotr Masojć, Paweł Milczarski + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s13353-020-00559-3

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Abstract

Here, QTL mapping for thousand-kernel weight carried out within a 541 × Ot1-3 population of recombinant inbred lines using high-density DArT-based map and three methods (single-marker analysis with F parametric test, marker analysis with the Kruskal–Wallis K* nonparametric test, and the recently developed analysis named genes interaction assorting by divergent selection with χ2 test) revealed 28 QTL distributed over all seven rye chromosomes. The first two methods showed a high level of consistency in QTL detection. Each of 13 QTL revealed in the course of gene interaction assorting by divergent selection analysis coincided with those detected by the two other methods, confirming the reliability of the new approach to QTL mapping. Its unique feature of discriminating QTL classes might help in selecting positively acting QTL and alleles for marker-assisted selection. Also, interaction among seven QTL for thousand-kernel weight was analyzed using gene interaction assorting by the divergent selection method. Pairs of QTL showed a predominantly additive relationship, but epistatic and complementary types of two-loci interactions were also revealed.

Highlights

Here, QTL mapping for thousand-kernel weight carried out within a 541 × Ot1-3 population of recombinant inbred lines using high-density DArT-based map and three methods revealed 28 QTL distributed over all seven rye chromosomes
A group of seven QTL was selected for analysis of two-loci interaction based on higher than 5% values of their difference between AA and BB genotypic values (Table 3)
Distributions of genotypic values for two-loci homozygous genotypes representing particular pairs of QTL (Tables 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, Fig. 3) corresponded to those described in the model of two-loci interactions (Masojć et al 2016)

Summary

Introduction

A complex genetic background of thousand-kernel weight (TKW), one of the most important components of cereal yield, has been detected in rye (Milczarski and Masojć 2003; Falke et al 2009; Miedaner et al 2012; Myśków et al 2014; Masojć et al 2017; Hackauf et al 2017), wheat (Börner et al 2002; Groos et al 2003; Cuthbert et al 2008; Sun et al 2009; Ramya et al 2010; Cui et al 2011; Mohler et al 2016), and barley (Bezant et al 1997; Teulat et al 2001; Tsilo et al 2010) by means of QTL mapping. Genetic analysis carried out within-population tails suggests a substantial role of two-loci interactions in controlling phenotypic variation in the rye (Masojć et al 2016). This hypothesis is based on frequent detection of QTL representing R and E classes showing alleles-trait association only in one of the two population tails (i.e., that representing desirable phenotype (R class loci) or the opposite, gathering lines of negative characteristics (E class locus)). As shown in a recently developed genetic model (Masojć et al 2016), QTL of R and E classes reflect epistatic interaction with QTL of class D (directional), revealing alleles-trait association within both

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