Abstract
The gold standard of a successful amblyopia treatment is full recovery of visual acuity (VA) in the amblyopic eye, but there has been no systematic study on both monocular and binocular visual functions. In this research, we aimed to quantify visual qualities with a variety of perceptual tasks in subjects with treated amblyopia. We found near stereoacuity and pAE dominance in binocular rivalry in “treated” amblyopia were largely comparable to those of normal subjects. CSF of the pAE remained deficient in high spatial frequencies. The binocular contrast summation ratio is significantly lower than normal standard. The interocular balance point is 34%, indicating that contrast in pAE is much less effective as the same contrast in pFE in binocular phase combination. Although VA, stereoacuity and binocular rivalry at low spatial frequency in treated amblyopes were normal or nearly normal, the pAE remained “lazy” in high frequency domain, binocular contrast summation, and interocular phase combination. Our results suggest that structured monocular and binocular training are necessary to fully recover deficient functions in amblyopia.
Highlights
Successful treatment of amblyopia is important to improve the quality of life of those with the condition[1, 2]
Visual acuity is widely used in daily diagnosis of amblyopia and most valued by clinicians[41, 42]
The current study demonstrates that long-term occlusion can recover some of the visual functions in patients with amblyopia, including visual acuity, near stereo vision, and binocular rivalry at low spatial frequency, many other binocular visual functions remain deficient, including binocular rivalry at high spatial frequencies, interocular summation, and interocular phase combination
Summary
Successful treatment of amblyopia is important to improve the quality of life of those with the condition[1, 2]. Using different tasks and paradigms, previous studies have documented that amblyopia does impact monocular functions of the amblyopic and fellow eyes and interocular interactions between the amblyopic and fellow eyes[9, 18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26]. It remains unclear if traditional treatments can recover both monocular and interocular functions in amblyopia. Relative results will shed new light on the understanding and evaluation of amblyopia and amblyopia treatment
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