Abstract
Limited energy in each node is the major design constraint in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), especially in mine tunnel scenario where the WSNs are required to work perpetually. To overcome this limit, wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSNs) have been proposed and studied extensively over the last few years. To keep the sensor nodes working perpetually, one fundamental question is how to design the charging scheme. Considering the special tunnel scenario, this paper proposes a Complete Feasible Charging Strategy (CFCS) to ensure the whole WRSNs is working perpetually. We divide the whole WRSN into several subnetworks and use several mobile chargers (MCs) to charge every subnetwork periodically and orderly. For a subnetwork, we formulate the main problem as a charging time distribution problem. A series of theorems are deduced to restrict the charging configurations, and a group nodes mechanism is proposed to expand the scale of the WRSNs. Finally, we conduct extensive simulations to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms. The results demonstrate which of the CFCS boundary theorems is correct and that our proposed CFCS can keep the WRSNs working perpetually. Furthermore, our Nodes-Grouped mechanism can support more nodes in WRSN compared to the state-of-the-art baseline methods.
Highlights
Nowadays, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are playing a significant role in mine tunnels for monitoring gas, rock pressure, temperature, personnel orientation, etc
Different from the applications on the ground, it is very challenging to design efficient charging scheduling algorithms for mobile chargers (MCs) in tunnels. This is because there are some constraints in tunnel environments such as: (1) MC can only travel along tunnel tracks, which means the charging path is determined beforehand; (2) all the sensor nodes are required not to “die”; (3) the number of
We studied the problem of maintaining a network lifetime perpetually in a tunnel scenario, where several Mobile Chargers (MCs) travel through the tunnel track and charge the sensor nodes in a wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSNs)
Summary
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are playing a significant role in mine tunnels for monitoring gas, rock pressure, temperature, personnel orientation, etc. Different from the applications on the ground, it is very challenging to design efficient charging scheduling algorithms for MCs in tunnels. This is because there are some constraints in tunnel environments such as: (1) MC can only travel along tunnel tracks, which means the charging path is determined beforehand; (2) all the sensor nodes are required not to “die”; (3) the number of MCs should be as low as possible since the charging device is expensive. In this paper, considering the special tunnel scenario, we propose a periodic and Nodes-Grouped strategy to ensure all the WRSNs work perpetually.
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