A Comparison of Three Scoring Methods for Tests With Selected-Response and Constructed-Response Items

Abstract

A number of methods for scoring tests with selected-response (SR) and constructed-response (CR) items are available. The selection of a method depends on the requirements of the program, the particular psychometric model and assumptions employed in the analysis of item and score data, and how scores are to be used. This article compares 3 methods: unweighted raw scores, Item Response Theory pattern scores, and weighted raw scores. Student score data from large-scale end-of-course high school tests in Biology and English were used in the comparisons. In the weighted raw score method evaluated in this study, the CR items were weighted so that SR and CR items contributed the same number of points toward the total score. The scoring methods were compared for the total group and for subgroups of students in terms of the resultant scaled score distributions, standard errors of measurement, and proficiency-level classifications. For most of the student ability distribution, the three scoring methods yielded similar results. Some differences in results are noted. Issues to be considered when selecting a scoring method are discussed.