A comparison of patients with somatic symptom disorder attending psychiatric services and those unwilling to attend psychiatric services.

Abstract

The present study aimed to compare the symptom profile, psychological correlates, public stigma, quality of life and disability of patients with somatic symptom disorder attending the psychiatric outpatient services and those who refuse to attend the psychiatry outpatient services. For this, patients were recruited from both Psychiatry outpatient services (N = 62) and Rheumatology outpatient services (N = 41). Participants were assessed on Screening for Somatoform Disorders Instrument, Beck's Depression Inventory, Somatosensory Amplification Scale, Whitley Index, Twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale-Hindi version, Community Attitudes toward the Mentally Ill Scale, World Health Organization-Quality of Life Scale-BREF version (Hindi) and Indian Disability Evaluation and Assessment Scale. Both the groups were comparable on socio-demography and symptom profile. Compared to the patients attending the psychiatry outpatient services, patients attending the rheumatology outpatient services had higher level of somatosensory amplification, hypochondriasis, alexithymia (in the subscales of difficulty in identifying and describing feelings), higher stigmatizing attitude towards mental illness, poorer quality of life and higher disability. To conclude, present study suggests that, patients of somatic symptom disorder, who refuse to attend the psychiatry outpatient services differ from those attending the psychiatry outpatient services in terms of somatosensory amplification, alexithymia, hypochondriasis, public stigma held towards mental illnesses, disability and quality of life. There is a need to develop a treatment model to address these issues in the medical setting to improve the outcome of patients with somatic symptom disorders attending the medical outpatient setting.