Abstract
There is an increasing demand in the peanut industry for high oleic peanuts and also for the incorporation of the high oleate trait into newly released varieties. Early generation screening of breeding lines for high oleic acid content greatly increases the efficiency of developing new peanut varieties. The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of methods used to classify individual peanut seed as high oleic or not high oleic. Results from capillary electrophoresis (CE), two variations of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS), and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) genotyping, were compared with the traditionally accepted reference standard results from gas chromatography (GC). Three hundred and seventy-four (374) seeds, spanning twenty-three (23) genotypes and all four peanut market-types (runner, Spanish, Valencia and Virginia), were individually tested by each method. Percent accuracy levels for rating individual seed as high oleic (H) ranged from 97.4% (NIRS) to 99.5% (CE). All of the methods examined in this study carry only a minor risk for miss-classification (loss of material) and are suitable for use by peanut breeding programs in early generation breeding line screening.
Highlights
Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), an important oil and food crop, is the fourth major oilseed of the world behind soybean, rapeseed, cotton, and sunflower
The objective of this study was to analyze the accuracy of capillary electrophoresis (CE), two variations of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS), and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), with regard to ability to determine whether an individual peanut seed is high oleic
For (a) all comparisons, the gas chromatography (GC) rating was considered “correct” since this method has been used traditionally to determine fatty acid composition in peanut oil
Summary
Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), an important oil and food crop, is the fourth major oilseed of the world behind soybean, rapeseed, cotton, and sunflower. India, and the United States have been the leading producers for over 25 years and grow about 70% of the world crop (American Peanut Council; www.peanutsusa.com). China and India combined produce almost 60% of the world’s peanuts, they consume the majority of their production domestically and account for only 4% of peanut exports (http://www.fas.usda.gov). The US leads the world in peanut exports, produces all peanut market types, and has three geographical production regions: the Southeast region (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and Mississippi), the VC region (North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia), and the Southwest region (Oklahoma, New Mexico, and Texas). Peanuts are a cheap source of protein, a good source of OPEN ACCESS Each growing region is unique in climate and disease pressure and breeding programs tend to develop peanut varieties which are adapted and have superior performance in a particular growing region.
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