Abstract
Peanuts are a rich dietary source of lipids, which are essential for human health. In this study, the lipid contents of 13 peanut cultivars were analyzed using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and GC–MS. The OXITEST reactor was used to test their lipid oxidation stabilities. A total of 27 subclasses, 229 individual lipids were detected. The combined analysis of lipid and oxidation stability showed that lipid unsaturation was inversely correlated with oxidation stability. Moreover, lipid profiles differed significantly among the different peanut cultivars. A total of 11 lipid molecules (TG 18:2/18:2/18:2, TG 24:0/18:2/18:3, TG 20:5/14:1/18:2, TG 18:2/14:1/18:2, PE 17:0/18:2, BisMePA 18:2/18:2, PG 38:5, PMe 18:1/18:1, PC 18:1/18:1, MGDG 18:1/18:1, TG 10:0/10:1/18:1) might be employed as possible indicators to identify high oleic acid (OA) and non-high OA peanut cultivars, based on the PLS-DA result of lipid molecules with a VIP value greater than 2. This comprehensive analysis will help in the rational selection and application of peanut cultivars.
Highlights
The peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the most widely grown oilseed crops in the world
16 acyl fatty acids were characterized in the lipid profile (Table S1), and C19 had the highest diversity of molecular species
These results indicate that the high-oleic acid (OA) peanut group accumulated more of the 14 fatty acids, except linoleic and palmitic acid (Figure 2a)
Summary
The peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the most widely grown oilseed crops in the world. It is rich in lipids, proteins, and amino acids, and it is used for producing peanut oil and peanut butter [1,2,3,4]. Due to the commitment to eating healthy food, many cultivars of peanuts, especially those with high oleic acid (OA), have been developed. A comparative analysis on the quality of different peanut cultivars is lacking at present. It is vital to determine the quality of different cultivars in light of the increasing number of high-OA peanut cultivars and other functional peanuts
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