Abstract
Knowledge of tissue-specific mitochondrial properties is important in understanding cellular aerobic energy metabolism. Studies employing isolated mitochondria offer the advantage of direct and controlled manipulation of extramitochondrial conditions, while minimizing disruption of interactions between mitochondrial enzymes, transporters, and membranes. In this review, we compare the oxidative properties of mitochondria isolated from liver, heart, and skeletal muscle of vertebrates and invertebrates. The observed differences between tissues and species in the capacities for mitochondrial oxidation of fatty acids, ketone bodies, pyruvate, and amino acids reflect fundamentally different adaptations for the assimilation, storage, and utilization of metabolic fuels.
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