Abstract
Living environment reconstruction in Wenchuan earthquake disaster-hit areas received substantial attention internationally, so it is imperative to examine out the methods employed, to evaluate community reconstruction and recovery performances. However, the existing evaluation systems for post-disaster reconstruction practices are mostly generalized models, and thus, the actual differences among various reconstruction modes and local characteristics are given insufficient attention. After 10 years of reconstruction and recovery, Dujiangyan, Beichuan, and Wenchuan have exhibited distinct differences and characteristics because of two different reconstruction modes: “paired assistance” and “self-construction”. Based on a thorough review of the literature and expert judgments, this article focuses on the introduction of evaluation factors comprising the opinions and requirements of disaster victims. Adopting the “four-step method” to select the evaluation factors through conceptual consolidation, analytical structuring, indicator identification, and index creation, this article summarizes the homogeneities and heterogeneities of the three different areas. The results reveal that people in different areas under the influences of different reconstruction modes and local characteristics will emphasize different evaluation factors and demonstrate different levels of concern for the same factor. This article analyzes the three areas and establishes an adaptable evaluation index system to provide scientific guidance to community recovery evaluations in different areas after major disasters.
Highlights
At present, the impacts of natural disasters on the world are continuing to increase steadily
To establish a conceptual structure based on empirical findings, this process usually began in a context of terminological uncertainty, that is, there were likely uncertainties that involved in naming the evaluation factors
To obtain the opinions of additional victims, the 50 Class B evaluation factors were written into the questionnaire to construct a standard questionnaire for a wide range of samples, and to screen victims during an actual investigation
Summary
The impacts of natural disasters on the world are continuing to increase steadily. The United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) advocates: monitoring, assessing and understanding disaster risk, and sharing this information; strengthening disaster risk management and coordinating related agencies and departments so that relevant stakeholders can completely and effectively participate in the work at appropriate levels; enhancing early warning systems, preparedness, response, recovery, rehabilitation, and reconstruction for multiple disasters [1]. Against this international background, tracking, evaluation, and establishment of a database of the practical effects of post-disaster reconstruction become important. The academic community is increasingly researching disaster recovery programs [2,3]
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