A comparison of dexmedetomidine and clonidine premedication in perioperative hemodynamic stability and postoperative analgesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare dexmedetomidine and clonidine premedication in perioperative hemodynamic stability and postoperative analgesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.An observational study was conducted in Sir Sunderlal hospital, Banaras Hindu University. The study included ASA I-II patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery. Patients undergoing general anaesthesia were included in the study. The control group received iv fentanyl, while patients in one experimental group received iv clonidine 1mcg/kg over 15 minutes, 30 minutes before and in another group received iv dexmedetomidine 1mcg/kg over 15 minutes, 30 minutes before the surgery. Heart Rate, SBP, MAP, DBP, ETCO, PCO and Post-Operative Analgesia were compared for the 3 groups. Results were given as mean ± SD. Data collected were analysed using Student’s t-test. Differences were considered statistically significant if P values were <0.05.A total of 90 patients were included and 30 patients each were randomly assigned to one of the 3 groups. Patients who received dexmedetomidine had better haemodynamic control and post-operative analgesia. Patients who received clonidine had better haemodynamic control than control group but not better than the group who received dexmedetomidine.We conclude that Alpha 2 agonists specially dexmedetomidine produce diverse responses including analgesia, anxiolysis, sedation and sympatholysis.