Abstract
The charge carrier dynamics in organic solar cells and organic-inorganic hybrid metal halide perovskite solar cells, two leading technologies in thin-film photovoltaics, are compared. The similarities and differences in charge generation, charge separation, charge transport, charge collection, and charge recombination in these two technologies are discussed, linking these back to the intrinsic material properties of organic and perovskite semiconductors, and how these factors impact on photovoltaic device performance is elucidated. In particular, the impact of exciton binding energy, charge transfer states, bimolecular recombination, charge carrier transport, sub-bandgap tail states, and surface recombination is evaluated, and the lessons learned from transient optical and optoelectronic measurements are discussed. This perspective thus highlights the key factors limiting device performance and rationalizes similarities and differences in design requirements between organic and perovskite solar cells.
Highlights
PSCs) show perovskite semiconefficiency (PCE) of over 25%, comparable to single crystalline Si devices,[17] driven mainly by optimization of composi-Solution-processable semiconductors offer the potential for tional tuning and material processing,[18] as well as advances the scalable manufacturing of low-cost, lightweight, integrat- in charge transport layers.[19,20] PSCs have been studied in a able, and flexible photovoltaic devices
A notable exception is organic solar cells (OSCs) employing PBDB-TF:BTP-4F as the photoactive layer, which exhibits near-ideal behavior indicative of almost trap free behavior; we have previously proposed this absence of charge trapping, indicative of the absence of energetic disorder, maybe a key factor between the remarkably high OSC efficiencies reported for this blend.[25]
We focus on the charge carrier dynamics in p–i–n organic and perovskite solar cells, and how their similarities and differences in design requirements and function result from underlying material properties
Summary
The impact of exciton binding energy, charge transfer device architecture.[6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14] In particular, states, bimolecular recombination, charge carrier transport, sub-bandgap tail states, and surface recombination is evaluated, and the lessons learned from transient optical and optoelectronic measurements are discussed This perspective highlights the key factors limiting device performance and recent advances in the design of nonfullerene electron acceptors (NFAs) have enhanced device performance by broadening light absorption, lowering voltage losses,[6,7,8,9,15] and enhancing environmental rationalizes similarities and differences in design requirements between stability[1,10,11,16] compared to conventional organic and perovskite solar cells. Organic–inorganic hybrid metal halide perovskite solar cells
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