Abstract
This study investigated the impact of calcium silicate (CS) content on composition, compressive mechanical properties, and hardness of CS cermets with Ti-55Ni and Ti-6Al-4V alloys sintered at 1200°C. The powder metallurgy route was exploited to prepare the cermets. New phases of materials of Ni16Ti6Si7, CaTiO3, and Ni31Si12 appeared in cermet of Ti-55Ni with CS and in cermet of Ti-6Al-4V with CS, the new phases Ti5Si3, Ti2O, and CaTiO3, which were emerged during sintering at different CS content (wt%). The minimum shrinkage and density were observed in both groups of cermets for the 50 and 100 wt% CS content, respectively. The cermets with 40 wt% of CS had minimum compressive Young's modulus. The minimum of compressive strength and strain percentage at maximum load were revealed in cermets with 50 and 40 wt% of CS with Ti-55Ni and Ti-6Al-4V cermets, respectively. The cermets with 80 and 90 wt% of CS showed more plasticity than the pure CS. It concluded that the composition and mechanical properties of sintered cermets of Ti-55Ni and Ti-6Al-4V with CS significantly depend on the CS content in raw cermet materials. Thus, the different mechanical properties of the cermets can be used as potential materials for different hard tissues replacements.
Highlights
Calcium silicate (CS, CaSiO3) and titanium (Ti) and Ti alloys have widely been used in implants especially for bone hard tissue due to their unique bioactivity and biocompatibility properties [1]
With increasing of calcium silicate (CS) content in TN/CS cermets, the crystalline peaks of Ni16Ti6Si7 clearly appeared in the cermets from 10 to 80 wt% CS, while the CaTiO3 phase appeared from 20 to 80 wt% and the Ni31Si12 phase was found mainly from 40 to 80 wt% CS in X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of Figure 6
During the sintering process at 1200∘C based on the weight ratio of raw powders, different new phases were produced in final product during sintering process
Summary
Calcium silicate (CS, CaSiO3) and titanium (Ti) and Ti alloys have widely been used in implants especially for bone hard tissue due to their unique bioactivity and biocompatibility properties [1]. Ti and Ti alloys are biocompatible and have excellent corrosion resistance [1] They are bioinert materials without having bioactivity to create a strong bonding with host bone as implant [10]. The Ti alloys implants encapsulated by fibrous tissue cause clinical failure due to isolation from the surrounding tissue after implantation into a living body [10, 11] In this context, monolithic ceramics, CS [2, 5] and synthetic or natural hydroxyapatite (HA) [12,13,14,15], are known as excellent biocompatible materials. Composites or cermets of Ti alloys with CS or HA ceramics could be employed to
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