Abstract
Women continue to be victims of violence and the violation of their human rights keep being in the increase as they experienced constant hatred on their status. This article analyzes liability for crimes against women under criminal legislations of the Republic of Uzbekistan and Cameroon by assessing the Criminal Codes rules in both countries in terms of identifying its distinctive features of legal regulation conditional to gender and family differences of subjects is provided. Expert study of criminal legislations related to crimes against women plays a facilitating role in identifying not only real scope of criminal law rules, but also determining if there is a gap in law, or legal regulation is insufficiently socially conditioned. Moreover, analysis of genesis of criminal standards on responsibility for crimes against women made it possible to trace changes in law in relation to such objects of criminal law protection as, for example, life, health, sexual freedom and sexual immunity, honor and dignity of woman, interests of family and its members.
Highlights
The question of necessity to study criminal responsibility for crimes against women, subject to its specificity, did not arise immediately, since, unlike other branches of law such as labor law or family law, the criminal law is not a daily use one, and is applied only when committing a socially dangerous acts, including against women
The paper makes a historical analysis of criminal legislation rules relating to crimes against women, provides comparative review of some types of criminal liability for crimes against women in CIS and non-CIS countries, demonstrates the need to amend existing articles of the Criminal Code that calls for responsibility for crimes against women, proposes improving the criminal legislation of Uzbekistan and Cameroon, in terms of responsibility for crimes against women
When there are sufficient grounds to believe that domestic violence is systematic, the use of prior administrative response procedures should be avoided after the first report or personal detection by the police officer (Orlov, 2020)
Summary
The question of necessity to study criminal responsibility for crimes against women, subject to its specificity, did not arise immediately, since, unlike other branches of law such as labor law or family law, the criminal law is not a daily use one, and is applied only when committing a socially dangerous acts (crimes), including against women. Fundamental international legal documents, such as Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (1979), which Uzbekistan joined in 1995, has no reference to public relations, which are the subject of criminal law. The Convention binds States parties over to take necessary measures to eliminate discrimination in political and public life, as well as education field, labor and matrimonial relations, but it does not address the issues of preventing discrimination against women in the sphere of criminal law. Article 6 of the Convention addresses the issue of crimes against women and establishes that States parties shall take all appropriate measures, including legislation, to suppress all forms of traffic in women and exploitation of prostitution of women. The experience of legal counteraction to domestic violence in European countries and the provisions of the United Nations model law on combating these types of violence can serve as a serious legal basis for the development of domestic law and law-enforcement practice (Lehenka, 2018)
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