A Comparative Survey of OCT Findings in Fovea of Unilateral Persistent Anisometropic Amblyopic and Normal Fellow Eyes

Abstract

Background and Aim: In some cases, treatment plans for Amblyopia Therapy do not lead to a perfect vision. The initial examination of patients reveal no pathological and anatomical abnormalities. Is it related to deficiency in evolution of Visual Pathway or due to lack of Retinal structure? This study designed to assess and compare the thickness of fovea in patients with persistent unilateral anisometropic amblyopia with normal fellow eyes. Materials and Methods: In this observational case-control study, Optical Coherence Tomography ( OCT) was performed on 40 patients (16 male, 24 female; mean age 12.48 years and range 5-40 years) with persistent unilateral anisometropic amblyopia to observe the morphology of foveal tissue using a RTVue-100 SD-OCT (Optovue) and the data was compared with normal fellow eyes. Results: The mean of foveal full thickness in the eyes with persistent anisometropic amblyopia was found to be more than normal eyes (P=0.033). The minimum full thickness (P=0.025), the minimum inner retinal thickness (P=0.034) and also the minimum outer retinal thickness (P=0.028) of the foveola of the eyes with persistent anisometropic amblyopia was less than normal eyes. Conclusion: Mean foveal full retinal thickness, minimal amounts for full, inner and outer retinal thicknesses of fovea showed a significant difference between eyes in either group. Based on the obtained measurements by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) in two groups of the eyes with persistent anisometropic amblyopia and normal eyes, it can be concluded that clinically, affliction with persistent anisometropic amblyopia does not create any noticeable anatomical changes in the foveal thickness. Key Words: Unilateral persistent anisometropic amblyopia, Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), Fovea, Normal Eye