A Comparative Study to Find Out the Aesthetic Relationship between Facial and Dental Parameters in Saudi Population

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the relationship between dental complex and facial parameters (bizygomatic width, interalar width, and inter-papillary plane) among the Saudi population. Methods and materials: Patients visiting dental clinics at Riyadh Elm University were incorporated for the present study. Total of 200 volunteers (100 males and 100 females) were included, with a mean age of 26.51 ± 6.33 and 26.58 ± 5.54, for males and females, respectively. Measurements for the bizygomatic width (BZ) relation with the width of the upper central incisor (CI), interalar width (IA) relation with the width of maxillary intercanine (IC), and interpupillary plane parallelism with the upper dental plane were carried for every volunteer with the help of digital caliper, fox plane and casts. All the comparisons were made in the light of aesthetic rules. A written and signed consent form was obtained from each volunteer before their inclusion in the experiment. To measure the relationship between dental complex parameters with facial parameters among all the volunteers, Pearson’s correlation test was performed. Results: A weak to moderate positive correlation was found in BZ (facial parameter) and IC (dental complex parameter), as well as for IC (dental complex parameter) and IA (facial parameter). In contrast, a weak negative correlation was observed for CI (dental complex parameter) and IA (facial parameter), and also CI (dental complex parameter) and BZ (facial parameter). The measurements for inter-pupillary and occlusal planes of all subjects exhibited parallel to each other. Conclusion: A positive and strong aesthetic relationship between facial features and dental complex is present among the Saudi population. Furthermore, aesthetic measurements among the Saudi population also tends to be parallel to current standard of aesthetic practices.