A comparative study to evaluate the effect of Puerarin versus simvastatin as osteoconductive material for Maxillary sinus augmentation: A prospective randomized control clinical trial

Abstract

Dental implant is an effective treatment method for oral rehabilitation. Still, it has to be modified because of unfavorable environments such as excessive alveolar bone loss and sinus pneumatization. Maxillary sinus grafting is a standard procedure used to correct such unfavorable conditions in the posterior maxilla. Purpose: to assess and compare changes in height and percentage of Puerarin versus simvastatin as osteoconductive materials following sinus augmentation. Basic procedures: twenty patients with edentulous posterior maxilla were selected and equally grouped into 2 groups. Both groups underwent antral augmentation using either Puerarin on Fisiograft sponge carrier graft (group A) or combination of simvastatin and β-TCP (group B). The amount and percentage of bone graft were evaluated radiographically. Assessment occurred at period intervals 1-week and 6-month postoperatively. Data were presented as mean and standard deviation (SD) values. For non-parametric data, Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare between the two groups. Qualitative data were presented as frequencies and percentages. Fisher’s Exact test was used for comparisons between the groups. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05. Main finding: there was decrease in the amount and percentage of bone graft height by 2.5 mm, 19.7% (for Group A) and 3.2 mm, 22.4% (for Group B) at the end of the 6 months period without significant difference in both group (P-value = 0.054, Effect size = 0.919) and (P-value = 0.151, Effect size = 0.678), respectively. Conclusion: Puerarin and Simvastatin are clinically beneficial and safe bone grafting materials in cases of antral augmentation.