Abstract
A comparative study on the phytochemical constituents and antimicrobial activities of the hexane extracts of the leaves of Tectona grandis and its mistletoe was carried out. The phytochemical screening was carried out by adopting standard methods. Agar well diffusion method was employed for the antimicrobial screening of the extracts of the leaves of Tectona grandis and its mistletoe. The phytochemical screening results of hexane extract of Tectona grandis leaves revealed the presence of steroids, glycosides, saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides and volatile oils, while the hexane extract of the mistletoe leaves revealed the presence of steroids, terpenoids, saponins, glycosides and cardiac glycosides. For the antimicrobial activities screening, the results revealed the hexane extract of the mistletoe leaves to have greater zone of inhibition in Staphylococcus aureus (24mm), Escherichia coli (26mm), Salmonella typhi (20mm) and Pseudomonas aeriginosa (12mm) than the hexane extract of the Tectona grandis leaves in Staphylococcus aureus (16mm), Escherichia coli (13mm), Salmonella typhi (18mm) and Pseudomonas aeriginosa (10mm). The hexane extracts of the leaves of Tectona grandis and its mistletoe were not active on the Klebsiella pneumonia. The result of the antimicrobial screening showed the extracts of the leaves of the mistletoe to be more active than the leaves of Tectona grandis. The leaf extracts of Tectona grandis and its mistletoe can serve as antibiotics in ethno medicine.
Highlights
Tectona grandis is a large tree which grows to 40 - 50m in height and has large papery leaves 30 - 60cm in length, that are often hairy on the lower surface
Antibacterial Activity The activities of hexane extract of the leaves of Tectona grandis and its mistletoe were evaluated on Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeriginosa using agar well diffusion method [9] [10] [11]
The result of the phytochemical analysis of the Hexane extracts of Tectona grandis and its mistletoe leaves is given in Table 1.The result indicated the presence of steroids, glycosides, saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides and volatile oils in the hexane extract of Tectona grandis but the presence of steroids, terpenoids, saponins, glycosides and cardiac glycosides in the hexane extract of mistletoe leaves
Summary
Tectona grandis is a large tree which grows to 40 - 50m in height and has large papery leaves 30 - 60cm in length, that are often hairy on the lower surface. Tectona grandis can be found in Asia, India/Pakistan, Bangladesh, Burma, Indonesia, Thailand, Nigeria, Philippines, China and Malaysia. It is widely cultivated in other tropical areas, as its wood is moderately hard, worked, and extremely durable [2]. The present research was designed to carry out a comparative study on the phytochemicals and Antimicrobial activities of the hexane extracts of the leaves of Tectona grandis and its mistletoe
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