Abstract
Various options in combining a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) with a gas turbine (GT) were compared in this study. The combination of an SOFC with either a simple gas turbine or a gas/steam turbine combined cycle was investigated. For each combined system, the effect of using a recuperative heat exchanger was examined. The design parameters of a state-of-the-art gas turbine for central power stations were used. The GT modeling included modulation of turbine coolant flow depending on turbine working conditions. An SOFC temperature of 900°C was used. Given a currently available reference voltage, pressure-dependent SOFC cell voltage was used. The analysis was divided into two parts. In the first part, the turbine inlet temperature of the reference gas turbine was given and the influence of pressure ratio was analyzed. In the second part, the influence of varying turbine inlet temperature was analyzed to search for optimal design conditions. The results showed that the SOFC/GTCC systems would provide considerably higher efficiencies than the SOFC/GT systems. The optimal pressure ratio in terms of system efficiency is over 30 for non-recuperated systems but is around 10 for recuperated systems. Reducing the extra fuel to the gas turbine combustor improves system efficiency, especially in the SOFC/GT systems. With zero extra fuel, efficiencies of all of the four systems exceed 70%, the highest of which is obtained by the recuperated SOFC/GTCC layout.
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