Abstract
This study deals with selective separation of mono- and divalent cations from aqueous salt solutions using polymeric films based on polyethylene (PE) and polyamide6 (PA6), and two different commercial nanofiltration (NF) membranes. The diffusion rates (D) of ions (Na+ and Ca2+), separation factors (α) and ion rejections (R) of the films and NF membranes are examined comparatively as well as their surface morphology and hydrophilicity. It is observed that the diffusion rates of Na+ are in the range of 0.7–1.8 × 10−8cm2 .s−1 in the decreasing order of PE > NF90 > NF270 > PA6 while Ca2+ shows diffusion rates of 7.4–18.4 × 10−8 cm2 .s−1 in the increasing order of NF270 > NF90 ≈ PA6 > PE. Rejection values of the polymeric films and NF membranes against to Na+ and Ca2+ vary between 90% and 99.6%.The highest α(Ca2+/Na+) is found to be 20 for PA6 film. D, α, and R value of both polymeric films and NF membranes are strongly affected by the existence of osmosis during diffusion-dialysis and the sizes of hydrated sodiu and calcium ions. In conclusion, the film based on PA6 may be a good alternative for selective separation of mono- an divalent cations.
Highlights
Depending on the developments in material science and technology, various separation techniques have attracted great attention in the chemical industry
Na + and Ca 2+ diffusivity through the polymeric films and commercial NF membranes were comparatively investigate dand the obtained results are given in Table
As one can see from Table, Na + diffusion rates for the films based on PE and PA6, and NF membranes were around 0.7–1.8 × 10 −8 cm 2 .s −1
Summary
Depending on the developments in material science and technology, various separation techniques have attracted great attention in the chemical industry. Apart from the literature, it was aimed to examine and describe the selective mono- and divalent cation separation capability of economic/ commercially available polymeric films, namely polyethylene (PE) and polyamide (PA6), and commercial NF membranes from aqueous salt solutions in this study For this purpose, the ion diffusion rates (D), separation factors ( α) and ion rejections (R) of PE and PA6 films, and NF membranes were investigated comparatively as well as their morphology and wettability. This diffusion cell was used to investigate the diffusivity of mono-(Na +) and divalent cations (Ca 2+) through polymeric films and commercial NF membranes for 1 h. In surface contact angle measurements, analyses were carried out by taking measurements from at least 3 points on the sample using 5 μ L of water by pendant drop method
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