A Comparative Study on Equilibrium Adsorption of Dyes on Adsorbents Prepared from Coastal Plant,C. equisetifoliaSeeds via Green Modification and Activated Carbon

Jazulhafiz Jefri Jaafar,Mohamad Awang,Anis Ayuni Aman Zuki,Asmadi Ali Mahmud,Mohammad Hussin Zain,C.J Park,H Morita,C.K Cheng,H.H Huang,R.L De Leon,M.R Khan

doi:10.1051/matecconf/20166206001

Abstract

Eco-friendly adsorbents were prepared from coastal plant, C. equisetifolia seeds treated with β-cyclodextrin (Rhusorbent) for the removal of dyes. The study was carried out to determine the effectiveness of Rhusorbent to remove common dyes such as malachite green (MG) and neutral red (NR) dyes from aqueous solutions in batch experiments. The commercial activated carbon (AC) was also used in this equilibrium absorption study which includes the effect of adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration and contact time. The percentage of MG dye removal of about 92.4% and 88.4% was achieved for both Rhusorbent and AC respectively at concentration of 60mg/L and 0.4g absorbent. The equilibrium adsorption of about 91.1% and 79.1% was achieved for both Rhusorbent and AC respectively involving NR dye. The scanning electron micrographs of Rhusorbent show uneven and rough surface prompting evidence for the effective adsorption of MG and NR dyes on the surface of adsorbents. For both adsorption studies, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models fitted well the adsorption data involving both Rhusorbent and AC. C. equisetifolia seeds are a potential source for bio-inspired adsorbents for the removal of MG and NR dyes.

Highlights

Water has become increasingly important for both agricultural and industrial sectors as well as for daily use
The presence of rough and irregular surfaces of £-cyclodextrin-treated Rhusorbent in this case may be associated with the breaking of the covalent bond and the hydroxyl group present in the cellulose or lignin of fibers [4]
More reactive hydroxyl group exposed on the fibers surface contributing to rough surface

Summary

Introduction

Water has become increasingly important for both agricultural and industrial sectors as well as for daily use. The point and non-point sources of water pollution are contaminating our valuable water resources. Dyes can give beautiful color to various products, and they are widely used in many fields such as textiles, paper, plastic, food, painting, and medicine [1]. The release of effluent dyes into the ecosystem is a dramatic source of aesthetic pollution and of perturbations in aquatic life. Most synthetic dyes are toxic and can bring about serious water pollution, destroy community structure of aquatic organisms, and further become a hazard to all mankind. Since the removal of dyes from wastewater is considered an environmental challenge and government legislation requires textile wastewater to be treated, there is a constant need to have an effective process that can efficiently remove these dyes [2]

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Conclusion