A comparative study on detecting bacterial flora of the nasal cavity in normal healthy workers that work in cement factory and the healthy Students in Koya University

Abstract

Summary: In this study, a total of 45 samples were collected from the nasal cavity of biology healthy students that taking education in the 2012-2013 in Koya University, Faculty of Science and health, and 35 healthy workers that work in Mas cement factory were attending in this study. From this 45 healthy students seventeen (37.77%) of them had no growth isolated, sixteen of them (35.55%) were found out that they had Streptococcus spp. While nine (20%) students had Staphylococcus spp. two (4.44%) of the isolates were E. coli and two (4.44%) of the isolates overall these 45 students were Klebsiella spp. From 35 healthy workers were attending in this study, two (5.71%) of the workers were found that they had no growth isolated, while eighteen (51.42%) of the workers were found out that they had Moraxella catarrhalis, thirteen (37.14%) of the workers had Candida albicans, five of them (14.28%) had streptococcus faecalis, three (8.57%) of them had E.coli, two (5.71%) of them had Klebsiella spp., and one (2.85%) of the growth found Citrobacter freundii. The nasal Streptococcus spp. Isolates were found out significantly that were higher than other isolates. The nasal Moraxella catarrhalis Isolates were found out significantly higher than other isolates among the workers that have contact with cement. Key word: Candida albicans, Moraxella catarrhalis, nasal swab, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes. I. Introduction Nasal cavity a large air filled space, main function is to keep foreign or unwanted particles from entering the lungs through the nasal cavity. The nares environment is colonized by a temporally stable microbiota that is distinct from other regions of the integument. Negative association between S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and other groups suggests microbial competition during colonization of the nares, a finding that could be exploited to limit S. aureus colonization. [1] Recent evidence strongly suggests that the microbiota of the nasal cavity plays a crucial role in determining the reaction patterns of the mucosal and systemic immune system. However, little is known about the normal microbiota of the nasal cavity. [2] Bioaerosol concentrations at 50m upwind of site operations were within a range considered to be ‗typical‘ background levels, with the large majority (84 %+) of samples yielding less than 1,000 cfu/m 3 air of bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi and Aspergillus fumigatus. Close to compost handling activities, if workers are not protected from exposure, they may be exposed to concentrations of airborne bacteria and fungi that frequently exceed [3]. A diverse microbial flora is associated with the skin and mucous membranes of every human being from shortly after birth until death. The human body, which contains about 10Ꞌᶾ cells, routinely harbors about 10 ¹ӌ bacteria. This bacterial population constitutes the normal microbial flora. The normal microbial flora is relatively stable, with specific genera populating various body regions during particular periods in an individual's life. Microorganisms of the normal flora may aid the host (by competing for microenvironments more effectively than such pathogens as Salmonella spp or by producing nutrients the host can use), may harm the host (by causing dental caries, abscesses, or other infectious diseases), or may exist as commensals (inhabiting the host for long periods without causing detectable harm or benefit). Even though most elements of the normal microbial flora inhabiting the human skin, nails, eyes, oropharynx, genitalia, and gastrointestinal tract are harmless in healthy individuals, these organisms frequently cause disease in compromised hosts.