A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON COMPLICATIONS OF EMERGENCY AND ELECTIVE TRACHEOSTOMY IN ENT DEPARTMENT OF DMCH, LAHERIASARAI, BIHAR

Abstract

Background: Both elective and emergency tracheostomy as life saving procedure is frequently performed. Tracheostomy can be associated with numerous (intraoperative and postoperative) complications. Methods: In this study 120 patients were studied age ranged from 9 years to 79 years in the Department of ENT, Darbhanga Medical College & Hospital, Laheriasarai, Bihar from January 2020 to December 2020. Results: Among 120 tracheostomized patients, 75 (62.5%) were patients of emergency tracheostomy group and 45 (37.5%) were patients of elective tracheostomy group. Laryngeal carcinoma and other head-neck malignancy were the common (67.34%) indications for emergency tracheostomy. Maxillofacial and laryngeal surgery (50.1%) was the common indications for elective tracheostomy. Haemmorage was the most common complication. The second most common complication were subcutaneous surgical emphysema and wound infection. Then the tube displacement, perichondritis and stomal stenosis/ granulation tissue formation were the complications. In all stages (intraoperative, immediate postoperative, early postoperative and late postoperative), the frequency of complications was more in emergency tracheostomy and it was statistically signicant (p<0.05). Conclusion: Complications are more in emergency than elective tracheostomy. Reduction of complications should be aim of all types of tracheostomy.