A Comparative Study of Vision Outcome Between Small Incision Cataract Surgery (SICS) and Phacoemulsification as Well as Comparison of Mydriatic Effects Between Two Drugs in Cataract Surgery Patients

Abstract

Aims: Knowing the Mydriatic effect of Tropicamide and Cyclopentolate as well as the difference in vision improvement between phacoemulsification and small-incision cataract surgery. Study type and place: A prospective & cross-sectional study. Total number of cases 1446 were collected over a period of 6 month was conducted in Nagapattinam Government medical college. Objectives: To know the prevalence of cataracts on the basis of age and sex, To find the major systemic co-morbidities in cataract patients, To compare the pupil dilation between Tropicamide and Cyclopentolate, To compare the visual acuity after cataract surgery using SICS and phacoemulsification, To find drug utilization in pre- and post-operative cataract surgery Utilizing statistical analysis: The SPSS software package was used to compute and analyze the data. A 0.05 p value was deemed significant. Results: Among 1446 patients, gender distribution showed that 934 (65%) were female and 509 (35%) were male; According to age category, the majority of the patients in our study who have cataracts are between the ages of 60 and 79. The distribution of patients by eye wise was as follows: right eye (845, or 58%); left eye (601, or 42%); There were 624 cases of immature cataract (43%), 475 cases of mature cataract (32.8%), 289 cases of hyper-mature cataract (19.9%), and 58 cases of pseudophakia (4%).Patients undergoing cataract surgery frequently have diabetes and high blood pressure. One of the risk factors for cataract is diabetes (73.5%). SICS is more successful than phacoemulsification in terms of improving visual acuity, and since the pupil dilated larger with duration, it is Cyclopentolate rather than Tropicamide; Conclusions: By comparing visual acuity measured using the Snellen chart, there was a substantial difference in the visual outcome on the first postoperative day. Small-incision cataract surgery is more effective than phacoemulsification. The difference in pupil diameters between Cyclopentolate and Tropicamide demonstrates that the latter is less effective than the former. Keywords: Cyclopentolate, Diabetic mellitus, small incision cataract surgery, immature cataract, and female