A comparative study of umbilical port versus epigastric port for gall bladder extraction in laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Abstract

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard treatment for symptomatic cholelithiasis. Postoperative pain is important factor that decide requirement of injectable analgesics and post-operative hospital stay. Gall bladder (GB) can be extracted from umbilical or epigastric port. Excessive manipulation during GB extraction can cause postoperative pain. Methods: Study was carried out in 60 patients between January 2022 to December 2022, including patients who have symptomatic gall bladder stone and required laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients with perforated GB and required emergency laparoscopic cholecystectomy and patient having GB carcinoma and required elective laparoscopic radical cholecystectomy and patients requiring laparoscopy converted to open cholecystectomy were not included in the study. In this study, patients were randomly allocated in two groups: group A (n=30) includes laparoscopic cholecystectomy with GB retrieval from epigastric port and group B (n=30) includes laparoscopic cholecystectomy with GB retrieval from umbilical port. Author have compared two groups in terms of intraoperative time, postoperative pain, wound infection and port site hernia development. Results: This study shows that there is no significant difference in intraoperative time, wound infection and port site hernia development between two groups but there is significant less postoperative pain in group B patients with GB retrieval from umbilical port. Conclusions: In laparoscopic cholecystectomy, there is no significant difference in GB retrieval from umbilical port and epigastric port in terms of intraoperative time, wound infection and port site hernia development. But GB retrieval from umbilical port reduce post-operative pain in comparison to epigastric port GB retrieval.