A Comparative Study of the Treatment of Oral Premalignant Lesions with Surgical Excision and Medical Therapy.

Abstract

Potentially malignant oral epithelial lesions are a group of oral conditions with an altered morphological state of the normal mucosal lining and include different lesions such as leukoplakia, erythroplakia, submucosal fibrosis, and lichen planus. To compare the outcome of premalignant oral lesions after medical therapy consisting of submucosal intralesional injection of triamcinolone with hyaluronidase and surgical excision. This was a comparative prospective interventional study and the study was conducted among 50 patients presented to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology with premalignant oral lesions from the year 2020 to 2022. Patients were divided into two groups by random allocation, group A was treated with medical therapy, and Group B was treated with surgical excision and followed for a minimum of 6months and the outcome has been categorized. All patients were divided into two groups-group A and group B, group A consisted of 22 (44%) patients who were given medical therapy, and group B consisted of 28 (56%) patients who underwent surgical excision. In group A, the clinical response was seen in 8 (36.36%) and in group B, the clinical response was seen in 18 (64.29%) patients. Surgical excision was found to be better with more cases of clinical response (64.29%) when compared to medical treatment (36.36%) with a p value of 0.0497 which is significant whereas malignant transformation was almost equal in medical therapy and surgical treatment which was 13.64% and 14.28%, respectively.