Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants with appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) infants. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based prospective descriptive study was conducted on all cases of preterm babies Results: Out of the 300 babies examined, 67 babies were SGA and rest 233 were AGA. The overall incidence of ROP was 29% and it was increased in SGA group to 40% compared to AGA group, which was 25.8%. SGA had a significant association with ROP. Other significant factors were oxygen delivery, mechanical ventilation, sepsis, respiratory distress syndrome, surfactant, apnea, blood transfusions, and acidosis. Maternal factors such as oligohydramnios, premature rupture of membranes, and preeclampsia were also associated with ROP significantly. On multivariate analysis, apnea, blood transfusion, low partial pressure of oxygen, lower gestational age, and maternal gestational diabetes mellitus were independent risk factors. Conclusion: The incidence of ROP is higher in SGA compared to AGA. Being small for gestation is a risk factor for developing ROP.
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