A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE COMPETITION THE MOST IMPORTANT WINTER CROPS, USING A LINEAR APPROXIMATE MODEL

Abstract

Achieving the maximum productive economic efficiency to use the available resources is considered one of the most important objectives of the agricultural economic policy, and since the agricultural area is limited, therefore the decision to choose the appropriate crop for agriculture is subject to many considerations, perhaps the most important of which is the expected revenue of these crops, as it reflects many important factors that affect decisions farming at farms, such as prices and expected production of agricultural crops. The research problem is represented in the following question: How competitive and affect the cultivated area different crops, and do changes occur from one period to another? The research aims to compare the Competitive of the most important winter crops on agricultural land during the two periods (2014-2015), (2017-2018). The most important results were as follows: It was found that there are other factors that determine the cultivated area other than the farm prices for some crops, namely wheat, barley, onions, flax, and potatoes during the period (2014- 2015), barley, lentils, and lupine during the period (2017-2018). Low price elasticity and response was shown for chickpeas, lupine, fenugreek, tomatoes during the period (2014-2015), wheat, beans, sugar beets, persistent clover, onions, garlic, flax, tomatoes, and potatoes during the period (2017-2018). It was found that there were crops that responded more in the period (2017-2018) than the period (2014-2015), which were wheat, chickpeas, fenugreek, onions, flax, tomato and potatoes. It turns out that both chickpeas and lupine were exposed to competition from the rest of the crops during the two periods, and that wheat, broad bean, sugar beet, and flax did not compete for them in the second period, and on the other hand, clover, onions, and garlic continued to compete with other crops. Decreased Competition in the period (2017-2018) was shown in general compared to the period (2014- 2015). It was found that wheat and garlic were the most Interchangeability competitive, and tomatoes, broad bean, lentils and sugar beets were the most competitive crops of other crops, that lupine, fenugreek, and onions were the most competitive with other crops for the period (2014-2015). It was found that broad bean, clover, and clover Tahreesh were the most Interchangeability competitive, and barley, lentils, and potatoes were the most competitive crops of other crops, that flax, wheat, lupine, and tomato were the most competitive with other crops for the period (2017-2018). It shows the dynamics and instability of the agricultural map (with some being affected less) despite the convergence of periods. The research recommends, in order achieving maximum economic efficiency and production for the use of available resources, following: The agricultural policies applicable must be consistent with the changes that occur in the competitive of crops. Considerate the dynamics and instability of the agricultural map when setting agricultural policies. Factors other than prices must be used when determining the cultivated area of some crops, as a result of their lack of effect on some crops and their weak effect on others. Providing appropriate means (not necessarily financial support - Extension services, for example) to improve competition for some strategic crops.