A comparative study of physical pretreatments for the extraction of polyphenols and proteins from vine shoots

Abstract

This work examined the potential of valorization of vine shoots through their polyphenol and protein contents. However the choice of the experimental conditions targeted polyphenol extraction at the expense of proteins for further simplification of the purification process. The intensification of polyphenol and protein extraction by physical treatments (pulsed electric fields (PEF), high-voltage electrical discharges (HVED) and ultrasound (US)) was studied. A significant enhancement of polyphenol extraction was noticed with HVED, PEF and US. However, and for each treatment, the improvement of the extraction process started beyond a specific energetic threshold (HVED (10kJ/kg), PEF (50kJ/kg) and US (1010kJ/kg)). HVED had the highest polyphenol and protein extraction yields with the lowest energetic prerequisite. Extracts of high polyphenol yield (34.5mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per g of dry matter (DM)) and high purity (89%) were obtained with HVED. Polyphenol and protein diffusion coefficients (m2/s) demonstrated HVED to better enhance the extraction process of those biomolecules. Similarly, the calculation of the electrical conductivity disintegration index, Z, showed the highest tissue damage for HVED and a rising cellular damage with the increased energetic requirement of each treatment.