Abstract
A comparative study of phosphorus availability in an acidic soil and an alkaline soil amended with organic and inorganic phosphorus sources
Highlights
Soil P chemistry is different in alkaline and acidic soils
This study showed that the poultry manure (PM) provided a higher efficiency in both acidic and alkaline soils after 15 days of incubation followed by cow manure (CM) while the city waste (CW) provided a lower efficiency among the organic amendments
Extractable P increased in the soils amended with organic P sources, but the increase varied with the P sources of the different amendments
Summary
Soil P chemistry is different in alkaline and acidic soils. The availability of P for plant growth is influenced by soil organic matter, pH, and exchangeable and soluble aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), and calcium (Ca) (Ulrich and Schnug, 2013). P can be dominantly sorbed by Fe/Al oxides and hydroxides (Adnan et al, 2003) as well as by clay minerals and form various complexes (Arai and Sparks, 2007). P retention is dominated by precipitation reactions, P can be adsorbed on the surface of Ca carbonate (Naeem et al, 2013) and clay minerals (Devau et al, 2010) and become unavailable to plants (Arai and Sparks, 2007). The addition of organic amendments activates Al-P and Fe-P in neutral and acidic soils and Ca-P in alkaline soil (Zhang et al, 2009), causing an increase in the levels of readily available P for use by plants. Ch’ng et al (2014) concluded that amending acidic soil with biochar or compost or a mixture of biochar and compost increased total P, available P, inorganic P fractions and organic P in the soil. Al-Rohily et al (2013) revealed that CM and sludge manure (SM) applications had appreciable and different impacts on the availability of P in calcareous soils than P from manure that was gradually transformed into available forms of P over time
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