Abstract
Introduction: Pneumonia is a disease known to mankind from antiquity. Pneumonia is an acute inflammation of the pulmonary parenchyma that can be caused by various infective and non-infective origins, presenting with physical and radiological features compatible with pulmonary consolidation of a part or parts of one or both lungs. Objective: This study is aimed to compare parenteral versus oral antibiotics in the treatment of severe pneumonia in children under five years of age. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective observational comparative study. This study was conducted in the department of pediatrics, MGM hospital, Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal. A total of 268 patients were recruited for the study as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the WHO guidelines for community acquired pneumonia. Results: A total of 268 children have been enrolled in the present study. Treatment Failure rate in oral amoxicillin group is 12.6% and in Inj. ampicillin plus amikacin group is 11.1%. The difference in treatment outcome in the two treatment groups is NOT statistically significant. A total of 17 out of 134 children in oral amoxicillin group have progressed to treatment failure which amounts to a failure rate of 12.68%. More than half (7/15) of the children who progressed cumulatively to treatment failure in the inj ampicillin plus amikacin group have developed at least one of the signs of WHO defined very severe pneumonia. Conclusion: In the present study it has been observed that there is no statistically significant difference in the failure rate in oral amoxicillin group and Inj. Ampicillin plus Inj. Amikacin group, suggesting similar outcome for severe pneumonia treated with oral amoxicillin and Inj. Ampicillin plus Amikacin.
Highlights
Pneumonia is a disease known to mankind from antiquity
Table-2: Demographic distribution of children with severe pneumonia treated with oral amoxicillin and injection ampicillin and amikacin
The results of the present study are consistent with findings of other large multicenter studies that informed a recent evidence-driven review of the treatment guidelines for World Health Organization (WHO) defined severe pneumonia, recommending outpatient oral amoxicillin
Summary
Pneumonia is a disease known to mankind from antiquity. Pneumonia is an acute inflammation of the pulmonary parenchyma that can be caused by various infective and non-infective origins, presenting with physical and radiological features compatible with pulmonary consolidation of a part or parts of one or both lungs. Treatment Failure rate in oral amoxicillin group is 12.6% and in Inj. ampicillin plus amikacin group is 11.1%. A total of 17 out of 134 children in oral amoxicillin group have progressed to treatment failure which amounts to a failure rate of 12.68%. More than half (7/15) of the children who progressed cumulatively to treatment failure in the inj ampicillin plus amikacin group have developed at least one of the signs of WHO defined very severe pneumonia. Conclusion: In the present study it has been observed that there is no statistically significant difference in the failure rate in oral amoxicillin group and Inj. Ampicillin plus Inj. Amikacin group, suggesting similar outcome for severe pneumonia treated with oral amoxicillin and Inj. Ampicillin plus Amikacin. Clinical diagnosis is based on a group of signs and symptoms related to lower
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