Abstract
Wireless sensor networks consist of hundreds or thousands of small, lightweight and low-powered sensor nodes that are deployed in the area of interest to collect information in an unattended manner. Since sensor nodes have limited battery, many research papers proposed techniques to enhance the performance and lifetime of wireless sensor networks. Using energy rich mobile sink to collect data from static sensor nodes is one of the techniques that can be used to improve the performance of wireless sensor networks. As a result, several mobility models were proposed to achieve this goal. In this study, we aim to study the performance of wireless sensor network under three mobility models for the mobile sink namely, depth first based mobility model, random waypoint mobility model and Gauss Markov mobility model. Consequently, ns-2 simulator is used to study the performance of the network under different scenarios and speeds of the mobile sink. Additionally, end-to-end delay, throughput and packet delivery ratio are the performance metrics considered in this study to measure the performance. Finally, AODV routing protocol is used to route messages from their sources to the mobile sink.
Highlights
Recent developments in the field of communications and electronics have made it possible to design and manufacture cheap, small and lightweight sensor nodes
It can be observed that these model obtained low values for end-to-end delay when the mobile node was moving at 5 m/s speed, because at this speed static sensor nodes have enough time to send data packets directly to the mobile node before the mobile node leaves the neighbourhood of a static sensor node
Different metrics, namely, end-to-end delay, throughput and packet delivery ratio, were used to investigate how these mobility models behave under different network sizes and speeds of the mobile sink
Summary
Recent developments in the field of communications and electronics have made it possible to design and manufacture cheap, small and lightweight sensor nodes. Batteries are the only source of energy used by sensor nodes, since they can be deployed in an unsystematic manner i.e., randomly to form a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) and are required to operate in inhospitable environments. These sensor nodes use wireless links in order to communicate with other sensor nodes and to report sensed data. Since sensor nodes have limited energy, they must use it wisely in order to prolong their lifetime the entire lifetime of the network is increased. Deploying mobile sink node or nodes that are responsible for collecting sensed data from static sensor nodes is one of the methods that can be used to reduce energy consumption of static sensor nodes and to maintain self-configuring and fault tolerance properties of WSNs (Kartakarte et al, 2013; Taleb et al, 2014; Pushpa et al, 2011; Bai and Helmy, 2004)
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