A Comparative Study of Infant and Under 5 Mortality Rate and Institutional Births of EAG States with Reference to SDG-3 (Target -2): An Analysis of the NFHS (2019-20)

Abstract

Children and maternal health are the supreme assets of a nation. Because mothers are reproductive or fertile women and children are the future of the nation. Therefore, both play a vital role for the future of the nation. The increase in economic productivity depends upon the health of the residents of any area. As we know that in 1980s, the social development indicators were included in the development indicators. The social development indicator includes health, education, sanitation, hygiene, etc.; in which health and education play a vital role in economic development. Sustainable Development has 17 goals in which SDG- Goal- 3 is related to Health and Well-being. SDG-3 have 13 targets and 28 indicators defined by United Nations like MMR, U5MR, IMR, HIV, suicide rates, life expectancy, etc. in which Out of 13 target, this study is based on SDG Goal – 3.2 (By 2030, end of preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5 years of age, with all countries aiming to reduce IMR to at least as low as 12 per 1000 live births instead of NNMR and Under -5 mortality to at least as low as 25 per 1000 live births) and Institutional birth of EAG States. The EAG states mainly consist of Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Bihar, Orissa, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh. This study is focused upon the comparative study among EAG states in terms of Infant and child mortality rate and institutional birth with the help of NFHS.