Abstract
Objective: The content and chemical composition of dry distillates of the stem, stem wood and stem bark of Acacia seyal were investigated. The distillates are fumigants of A. seyal locally known in Sudan as Dokhan and widely used for its cosmetic, aromatic and medicinal value for the treatment of candidiasis, genital yeast infection, urinary tract infection, diarrhoea, respiratory tract infection, skin infection and with potent, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.Methods: The dry distillates were prepared by dry distillation method from the Acacia seyal stem, stem wood and stem bark and investigated chemically by GC-MS analysis.Results: The percentage yield of dry distillates (Dokhan) wer found to be 4.0 %, 4.8%, 1.4.1% v/w for stem, stem wood and stem bark respectively. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of one hundred and twenty three constituents in the stem distillate with major constituents of solerone (7.27%), furfural (7.15%), catechol (7.11%), syringol (5.56%), allo-inositol (4.86%), mequinol (4.81%), furfuralcohol (3.35%), 3-methyl-1,2-cyclopentanedione (3.24%), phenol (2.73%), homovanillyl alcohol (2.56%) and 3-cresol (2.11%). the wood distillate show detection of eighty compounds, with main compounds: 1, 3-dimethyl-5-methoxypyrazol (10.61%), syringol (6.75%), furfuralcohol (5.24%), mequinol (4.49%), 1,2-anhydro-3,4,5,6-alloinositol (4.26%), 3-methyl-1,2-cyclopentanedione (3.42%), catechol (3.37%), 3-methoxycatechol (3.22%), homovanillyl alcohol (2.78%), homosyringic acid (2.40%), 3-cresol (2.18%), 3-methyl-2-cyclopentenone (2.44%) and 1,2-cyclopentanedione (2.03%). Sixty six compounds were detected in the distillate bark and the main compounds were found to be hexadecanoic (62.83%), catechol (3.38%), tetrapentacontane (3.18%), phenol (2.72%), mequinol (2.30%) and 2-ethylfurane (2.22%).Conclusion: The result concludes that the medicinal Sudanese Dokhan have good potential as sources of different bioactive compounds and antioxidants.
Highlights
Acacia seyal (Fabaceae) is a small to a medium important tree in Sudan, locally known as Talih
The result concludes that the medicinal Sudanese Dokhan have good potential as sources of different bioactive compounds and antioxidants
Flavonoids, alkaloids and steroids are detected in the stem and stem wood, whereas, they are absence in the stem bark
Summary
Acacia seyal (Fabaceae) is a small to a medium important tree in Sudan, locally known as Talih. The pleasantly fragrant fumigate of the stem or stem wood, known as Dokhan is widely used by Sudanese women as an aromatic and medicinal plant for cleanness and perfume purposes. The aromatic oil from the plant traditionally used by Sudanese women showed preservative and therapeutic properties in addition to its pleasant aroma [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. The Fabaceae family produces more nitrogen-containing secondary metabolites than other plant families such as quinolizidine, pyrrolizidine, indolizidine, piperidine, pyridine, pyrrolidine and many other nitrogenous compounds [8]. Acacia genus was reported to have many secondary metabolites such as amines, alkaloids, cyanogenic glycosides, cyclitols, fatty acids and seed oils, fluoroacetate, amino acids, essential oils, diterpenes, phytosterol, triterpenes, saponins and hydrolyzable tannins. A. seyal is highly nitrogen-fixing and moderately salt tolerant species and characterized by high content of proteins, phenols and flavonoids [10]
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