Abstract
This manuscript is focused on the relationship between sol-gel synthesis processes and the development of new active phases with fitted morphology, porosity and surface chemistry. The influence of the above parameters on the catalytic performance of the prepared materials for the aromatization of n-hexane to benzene is also evaluated. Different series of catalysts were prepared, either using noble metals (i.e., Pt) or metal oxides (i.e., Mo, W), as active phases. In both cases, the catalytic performance and stability of classical aromatization catalysts was significantly improved. Interesting one-pot carboreduction process of the metal oxide during carbonization is suggested as a real alternative for the preparation of high-performance aromatization catalysts, leading to the formation of less acidic and non-stoichiometric oxides and carbides.
Highlights
Aromatic hydrocarbons are in high demand because they are the main feedstock for the production of a wide range of products including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, dyes or polymers
The development of new catalysts for the valorization of light alkanes by transformation into aromatic products is an important challenge from an economic and scientific point of view. Traditional catalysts such as Pt/Cl–Al2 O3 have provided low performances for light alkane (C ≤ 7) aromatization and, they can be deactivated by loss of chlorine which is formed by decomposition along a reaction of the Cl– groups present in the solid catalysts
The most selective catalyst is obtained after pretreatment at 1000 ◦ C, providing a benzene selectivity of 67%
Summary
Aromatic hydrocarbons are in high demand because they are the main feedstock for the production of a wide range of products including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, dyes or polymers. The development of new catalysts for the valorization of light alkanes by transformation into aromatic products is an important challenge from an economic and scientific point of view. Traditional catalysts such as Pt/Cl–Al2 O3 have provided low performances for light alkane (C ≤ 7) aromatization and, they can be deactivated by loss of chlorine which is formed by decomposition along a reaction of the Cl– groups present in the solid catalysts. The best performance for C6 reforming to benzene was described using Pt supported on zeolite L exchanged with K (Pt/KL) These catalysts showed different characteristics including weak acidity, low coke formation, shape selectivity and resistance to sintering [6,7]. The exchange of zeolite with alkali or alkali-earth metals, namely Cs, induces textural changes, reducing the paraffin-adsorption capacity and the surface acidity, minimizing the coke formation and favoring the formation of small Pt clusters with specific
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