A Comparative Study of Aggressive Driving Behavior Recognition Algorithms Based on Vehicle Motion Data

Abstract

Aggressive driving, amongst inappropriate driving behaviors, is largely responsible for leading to traffic accidents, which threatens both the safety and property of human beings. With the objective to reduce traffic accidents and improve road safety, effective and reliable aggressive driving recognition methods, which enables the development of driving behavior analysis and early warning systems, are urgently needed. Most recently, the research focus of aggressive recognition has shifted to the use of vehicle motion data, which has emerged as a new tool for traffic phenomenon explanation. As aggressive driving corresponds to sudden variations in data, they can be recognized based on the recorded vehicle motion data. In this paper, several kinds of anomaly recognition algorithms are studied and compared, using the motion data collected by the accelerometer and gyroscope of a smartphone mounted on the vehicle. Gaussian mixture model (GMM), partial least squares regression (PLSR), wavelet transformation, and support vector regression (SVR) are considered as the representative algorithms of statistical regression, time series analysis, and machine learning, respectively. These algorithms are evaluated by the three widely used validation metrics, including F1-score, precision, and recall. The empirical results show that GMM, PLSR, and SVR are promising methods for aggressive driving recognition. GMM and SVR outperform PLSR when only single-source dataset is used. The improvement of F1-score is almost 0.1. PLSR performs the best when multi-source datasets are used, and the F1-score is 0.77. GMM and SVR are more robust to hyperparameter. In addition, incorporating multi-source datasets helps improve the accuracy of aggressive driving behavior recognition.