Abstract
Malaysia has moved forward by promoting the use of renewable energy such as solar PV to the public to reduce dependency on fossil fuel-based energy resources. Due to the concern on high electricity bill, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) is keen to install solar PV system as an initiative for energy saving program to its buildings. The objective of this paper is to technically and economically evaluate the different sizing of solar PV system for university buildings under the Net Energy Metering (NEM) scheme. The study involves gathering of solar energy resource information, daily load profile of the buildings, sizing PV array together with grid-connected inverters and the simulation of the designed system using PVsyst software. Based on the results obtained, the amount of solar energy generated and used by the load per year is between 5.10% and 20.20% from the total annual load demand. Almost all solar energy generated from the system will be self-consumed by the loads. In terms of profit gained, the university could reduce its electricity bill approximately between a quarter to one million ringgit per annum depending on the sizing capacity. Beneficially, the university could contribute to the environmental conservation by avoiding up to 2,000 tons of CO2 emission per year.
Highlights
Malaysia has moved forward by promoting the use of renewable energy such as solar PV to the public to reduce dependency on fossil fuel based energy resources such as natural gas and coal that has been used mostly as the source of electricity generation [1]
Through Net Energy Metering (NEM) scheme, the energy produced from the solar PV system will be consumed first by the loads, and any excess energy is exported and sold to the grid at a predetermined rate which is RM 0.31 per kWh for residential customers and RM 0.23 per kWh for commercial and industrial customers [3]
By generating their own clean energy from renewable resources, consumers could contribute to reduce the impact of environmental pollution generated by fossil fuels [4]
Summary
Malaysia has moved forward by promoting the use of renewable energy such as solar PV to the public to reduce dependency on fossil fuel based energy resources such as natural gas and coal that has been used mostly as the source of electricity generation [1]. Through NEM scheme, the energy produced from the solar PV system will be consumed first by the loads, and any excess energy is exported and sold to the grid at a predetermined rate which is RM 0.31 per kWh for residential customers and RM 0.23 per kWh for commercial and industrial customers [3]. By generating their own clean energy from renewable resources, consumers could contribute to reduce the impact of environmental pollution generated by fossil fuels [4]. According to SEDA portal, the baseline CO2 for electricity generation for Peninsular of Malaysia is 0.694 tCO2/MWh in 2014 [5]
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