Abstract
Our study aims to investigate the extraction of fixed oil from the fruit of Heterospathe elata, using traditional petroleum-based solvent hexane and green solvent dimethyl carbonate (DMC), evaluation of physicochemical parameters, chemical composition, and biological activities of extracted oil. The resulting oil components were subjected to GC-FID analysis. The evaluation of different biological activities like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and photoprotective activities has been done by the spectrophotometric method. The results obtained from GC-FID analysis proved the presence of fatty acids, of which myristic acid was the most prevalent component in the DMC and hexane fractions, respectively. Additionally, DMC-extracted oil possess stronger antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and photoprotective activities than hexane-extracted oil. The findings showed that DMC is effective in replacing potentially hazardous solvents to extract oil from the Heterospathe elata fruit, rich in components relevant to the human diet, including vital polyunsaturated fatty acids and phenolic compounds, with better biological activity.
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