Abstract
ABSTRACT
 Nanomaterials observe specialized properties relative to gross materials. Due to their small size, specialized nanomaterial properties include decreased reactivity, an increased surface area to volume ratio, heightened structural properties, and in some cases, antimicrobial and antibacterial effects. Current researchers are looking to use nanoparticle/nanomaterial properties to solve prevalent dental issues that cannot be addressed with traditionally used materials. This paper will serve as an extensive review of current nanomaterial applications as they pertain to dental fillings and dental filling processes. Comparative assessments of traditional materials used in dental fillings will be made as well as comparative assessments of currently used nanomaterials in dental fillings. Material comparisons are based on criteria pertaining to biocompatibility, toxicity, reactivity, cost, and antimicrobial/antibacterial properties. When comparing the three most currently used dental filling nanomaterials – Carbon-Based Nanotubes, Silica Nanoparticles and Silver-Coated Nanoparticles – it was observed that Silica Nanoparticles demonstrated the greatest material advantage and should be recommended for continued use. Issues regarding future developmental dental filling applications of graphene nanoparticles, organic nanoparticles and gold nanoparticles will also be discussed.
 Keywords: Nanomaterials, antibacterial, dental fillings, silica resins, biocompatibility.
Highlights
Strong emphasis is placed on oral hygiene and dental appearance in western society
This paper serves as an extensive review of current nanomaterial applications as they pertain to dental fillings and dental filling processes
Faced with complications associated with traditional dental filling materials, researchers are looking to nanomaterials for solutions
Summary
Strong emphasis is placed on oral hygiene and dental appearance in western society This is evident when observing the financial capital designated towards dental care in western countries. Among traditional dental filling materials, each observes distinct advantages and disadvantages. Due to the small particle size, nanomaterials often exhibit special physical and chemical properties not observed in gross materials [5]. Due to the special properties of nanomaterials, extensive research has been conducted looking into the advantages and disadvantages of using nanomaterials for medical and dental applications [6]. A Comparative Review of Material Properties for Current and Future Dental Filling Nanomaterials. Eisenstat et al (2021): International Journal of Engineering Materials and Manufacture, 6(4), 225-241
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