A Comparative In Vitro Study of the Effects of Irsha and Chlorhexidine Mouthwashes and Acyclovir on HSV-1

Abstract

Objective: Being able to cause disease in human, herpes simplex viruses (HSVs) clinically demonstrate themselves as intra-oral, extra-oral or recurrent lesions. The existing acyclovir has the selective anti-herpetic drug to control HSV infections. Due to emerged resistance to this drug and limitations of using it in especial situations, there is a need for alternative treatments such as available mouthwashes. This study aimed to compare two mouthwashes (Irsha and Chlorhexidine) with Acyclovir on HSV-1 in vitro.Methods: In this experimental research, we used MTT (Thiazolyl Blue Tetrazolium Bromide) colorimetric test to determine the cytotoxicity level of three solutions consecutively, antiseptic and nonalcoholic Irsha mouth wash (blue-colored), chlorhexidine 0.2% mouthwash, and acyclovir and absorbed wavelengths were recorded by Eliza Reader. After infecting the cells with different dilutions of HSV-1 in different concentrations of Irsha and chlorhexidine mouthwashes, we analyzed their antiherpetic effects on Vero cells. By using suitable statistical tests in version 15 of SPSS the results were then analyzed.Results: The results showed that in the concentrations of 0.38% for Irsha and 0.003% for chlorhexidine these mouthwashes kill 50% of Vero cells (CC50). After determining CC50, we detected the antiviral effects of Irsha and chlorhexidine mouthwashes and acyclovir solutions. We observed a significant difference between 0.5% concentration of Irsha mouthwash and other concentrations of it. The least logarithm of virus titration was observed in 0.002% concentration of/ chlorhexidine mouthwash. Both tested acyclovir concentrations (1250 µgr Mililiter and 2500µg/mL Mililiter µgr/ ) had a similar effect on decreasing virus titreConclusion: According to our results, anti-herpetic effect of Irsha is less than chlorhexidine and anti-herpetic effect of Acyclovir and Chlorhexidine is stronger than Irsha.