Abstract

BackgroundThis study aimed to compare the smear layer removing efficacy of the EndoActivator, EndoVac and Er:YAG laser in extracted mandibular premolars, at the apical, middle and coronal third of root canal, through scanning electron microscopy.Material and Methods40 extracted mandibular premolars were decoronated to a standardized length of 12 mm. Specimens were shaped to ProTaper F4 size and irrigated with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite at 370C between instrumentation. Teeth were divided into four groups (n=10), one control (needle irrigation) and three experimental, according to the irrigant activation technique used i.e. sonic irrigation (EndoActivator), apical negative pressure (EndoVac) or laser (Er:YAG). The final irrigants used were 10ml,17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and 10ml, 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. Root canals were then split longitudinally and observed under a scanning electron microscope. The presence of smear layer at the apical, middle and coronal third of root canal was evaluated. Scores were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. Intraexaminer and interexaminer reliability were determined by Kappa test.ResultsThe EndoVac system was significantly more effective in removing debris from the apical third than all other groups. EndoActivator performed better than laser at the apical third. All three experimental groups (EndoVac, EndoActivator, and laser) were better than needle irrigation at the middle and apical third. At the coronal third, no significant difference was seen between the four groups.ConclusionsNone of the activation systems completely removes the smear layer from the dentine walls; nevertheless, EndoVac is significantly better in removing debris from the apical third of canal. Key words:EndoVac, EndoActivator, Er:YAG laser, smear layer, scanning electron microscopy.

Highlights

  • One of the prerequisites of a successful endodontic treatment is an efficient removal of smear layer from the dentinal walls

  • None of the activation systems completely removes the smear layer from the dentine walls; EndoVac is significantly better in removing debris from the apical third of canal

  • This study was conducted for an in vitro comparative evaluation of the smear layer removing efficacy of these three systems (EA, EV, and Er:YAG laser) at the apical, middle and coronal third of root canal under the scanning electron microscope

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Summary

Introduction

One of the prerequisites of a successful endodontic treatment is an efficient removal of smear layer from the dentinal walls. This study was conducted for an in vitro comparative evaluation of the smear layer removing efficacy of these three systems (EA, EV, and Er:YAG laser) at the apical, middle and coronal third of root canal under the scanning electron microscope. This study aimed to compare the smear layer removing efficacy of the EndoActivator, EndoVac and Er:YAG laser in extracted mandibular premolars, at the apical, middle and coronal third of root canal, through scanning electron microscopy. Teeth were divided into four groups (n=10), one control (needle irrigation) and three experimental, according to the irrigant activation technique used i.e. sonic irrigation (EndoActivator), apical negative pressure (EndoVac) or laser (Er:YAG). All three experimental groups (EndoVac, EndoActivator, and laser) were better than needle irrigation at the middle and apical third. No significant difference was seen between the four groups

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