A comparative evaluation of PID-based optimisation controller algorithms for DC motor

Abstract

DC motors are generally used in industrial activities due to its simple structure and higher reliability. However, a DC motor is unable to control the operational speed as per required by the system. Proportional integral derivative (PID) controller is used in common for motor application due to its ease of control and operation. Nevertheless, the setting of PID parameters in DC motor control is difficult when the system is highly nonlinear and complex. Hence, the development of an improved auto-adjusted PID controller is an urgent necessity. This paper develops a robust PID controller-based optimisation algorithms for DC motor for finding the optimum parameters setting of PID controller. A comprehensive comparative analysis between PID-based backtracking search algorithms (BSA) and PID-based particle swarm optimisation (PSO) is provided. The conventional PID, PSO PID, and BSA PID models are evaluated based on overshoot reduction and settling time under ramp step and unit step speed variations. The results demonstrate that the PID controller with BSA achieves an optimum output with better dynamic and static performance.