A Comparative Analysis of the Use of ‘Thereof’ in an English Non-translated Text and the English Machine- and Human-translated Versions of the Hungarian Criminal Code

Abstract

Owing to the recent rise of neural language translation, a paradigm shift has been witnessed regarding the role of translators and reviewers. As neural machine translation is increasingly more capable of modelling how natural languages work, the traditional tasks of translators are being gradually replaced by new challenges. More emphasis is placed on pre- and post-editing (revision) skills and competences, presumably enabling the production of higher quality and near human-made translations.
 In my paper, I attempt to demonstrate through the qualitative and quantitative comparison of machine-translated legal texts (acts) to human-translated ones the relevant challenges and dynamic contrasts arising in the process of translating. Through the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the original Hungarian (source language) Criminal Code and its English (target language) machine and human translations, I aim to highlight the peculiar challenges emerging in the process of translation. I also aim to demonstrate what patterns can be observed in translations produced by human and non-human translators.