Abstract
A comparative assessment of the performance of enterprises belonging to three strategic ownership groups (state, foreign and indigenous private) is undertaken for the Polish food industry. This analysis draws on two competing theories of enterprise performance (industrial organisation and the resource-based view), which heavily influenced post-socialist policy makers and theorists. Indigenous private companies recorded the best average return on total assets (ROTA) for the period analysed. The determinants of profitability are found to differ significantly among the three strategic groups. For indigenous Polish private and foreign-owned enterprises, firm effects are the primary determinants of variations in ROTA. While regional location is a significant determining factor of performance for indigenous private firms, its influence is negligible in the case of state and foreign-owned companies. To uncover the specific firm resources that are responsible for the superior performance of indigenous private enterprises, in-depth interviews were conducted.
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