Abstract
Visualization of geospatial entities generally entails Digital Elevation models (DEMs) that are interpolated to establish three dimensional co-ordinates for entire terrain. The accuracy of generated terrain model depends on the interpolation mechanism adopted and hence it is needed to investigate the comparative performance of different approaches in this context. General interpolation techniques namely Inverse Distance Weighted, Kriging, Topo to Raster, Natural Neighbor, and Spline approaches have been compared. Differential ground field survey has been conducted to generate reference DEM as well as specific set of test points for comparative evaluation. We have also investigated the suitability SRTM DEM for Indian terrain by comparing it with the SOI DEM. Contours were generated at different intervals for comparative analysis and found SRTM as more suitable. The terrain sensitivity of various methods has also been analyzed with reference to the study area.
Highlights
Remote sensing techniques are being effectively used as a tool for decision making in various fields because of its spatial analysis and display capabilities
Raster surface has been generated from reference Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) using different interpolation methods namely Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW), Kriging, Natural Neighbor (NN), Topo to raster and Spline
Differential Geographic Positioning System (DGPS) survey data revealed that Kriging approach performed accurately in average cases when compared to others
Summary
Remote sensing techniques are being effectively used as a tool for decision making in various fields because of its spatial analysis and display capabilities. The utility of decision making processes are significantly improved using 3D geographical models as they facilitate effective visualization. Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) are the generally adopted data structures for storing topographic information and are usually interpolated to establish the values for entire terrain points. DEM is an array representation of squared cells (pixels) with an elevation value associated to each pixel (Peralvo 2009). DEMs can be obtained from contour lines, topographic maps, field surveys, photogrammetry techniques, radar interferometry, and laser altimetry (Peralvo 2009). Different interpolation methods applied over the same data sources may result in different results and it is required to evaluate the comparative suitability of these techniques
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