Abstract
This paper presents a reflection-type phase shifter (RTPS) at W-band in a 0.13 µm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process. The RTPS is composed of a 90° hybrid coupler and two identical reflection loads. Lumped-distributed element transmission line is introduced in the 90° hybrid coupler to reduce the chip size. Series inductor-capacitor (LC) resonators are used as the reflective loads and parallel inductors are deployed to reduce insertion loss variation. By cascading two-stage RTPS, 90° phase shifting range and 10.5 dB insertion loss with 1 dB variations from 80 GHz to 90 GHz are achieved. An impressive 0.1 dB variation is obtained at 86 GHz.
Highlights
Phase shifters (PS) play an extremely important role in phased array systems [1,2]
In this paper, lumped-distributed elements are added into the wider branch lines of the hybrid coupler to decrease the length [9], as shown in Figure 1, where the solid symbol line is the simulated result of the lumped-distributed elements loaded 90° hybrid, while the hollow symbol line is the conventional 90°
By using 0.18 μm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology, the reflection-type phase shifter (RTPS) circuits in [3,6] operate at 24 GHz and 60 GHz, respectively, while the RTPS circuits in this paper is working at 80–90 GHz with a comparable insertion loss to those designs at lower frequencies
Summary
Reflection-type phase shifter (RTPS), adapting the passive loads, suffers from small phase shift, poor linearity and inconvenience of digital controlling; there are a lot of advantages, such as continuous phase shifting, compact circuit structure, bidirectional phase shifting, Micromachines 2015, 6 and zero direct current (DC) power consumption [3,4,5,6,7,8]. The authors present an RTPS design with compact size, zero DC power consumption and low insertion loss variation in this paper. RTPS, which includes a 90° hybrid coupler with two identical reflection loads. The tunable reflective loads are realized through series LC resonators; in this way, the insertion loss variation is significantly reduced
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