Abstract
A new compact single feed square ring patch antenna using meandered 4λ transformer is designed, for frequency and polarization diversity. The proposed antenna is constructed from a square ring patch antenna, and two orthogonal meandered cascaded 4λ transformer (OMCT), incorporated with six switches for frequency and polarization reconfiguration purposes. The OMCT with switches is necessary to get good impedance bandwidth (BW) and axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) for circular polarization state. In addition, it utilized to excite the antenna at two orthogonal locations, with equal magnitude and quadratic in phase, for achieving circular polarization mode at resonant frequencies 2.44GHz, 4.7GHz, and 5.6GHz. Moreover, it can excite the antenna as non-orthogonal modes for various other frequency bands, such as 2.89 GHz, 3.49 GHz, 4.9 GHz, 5.2GHz, 5.49GHz, 6.16GHz and 3.1GHz as linear polarization (LP) state. The proposed antenna has a compact low profile planar structure with area equal to 23mm2. Simulation and measured results show that the proposed antenna demonstrates a reasonable impedance bandwidth, and axial ratio in the circularly polarized state. Simulation results have been obtained from commercial CST-2014 Microwave Studio. The proposed antenna is fabricated for simulation result verification, and the implemented antenna is tested using R&S ZVL13 Vector Network Analyzer. The experimental confirms the simulation results.
Highlights
Reconfigurable antennas gained remarkable attention and extensively used in many wireless applications
The proposed antenna is based on a square microstrip antenna that is required to operate at 2.1 GHz resonant frequency
Thereafter, for the simulation results validation, the suggested antenna has been fabricated, and the prototype is experimentally measured in terms of return loss, radiation pattern, and gain using Rohde & Schwarz ZVA I3 vector network analyzer (VNA)
Summary
Reconfigurable antennas gained remarkable attention and extensively used in many wireless applications. The development of the multifunctional antenna, which can be incorporate and serve different frequency and polarization, has been a good candidate for the recent communication system, due to its competence to improve the overall system's capability. Application fields that avail from the evolution of reconfigurable antenna comprise multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system, ultra wideband system anti-jamming secure communication, to conform to the everdemanding requirement of such system. The system capacity can be doubled by exploiting the advantages of frequency reconfigurable antenna. The circular polarized antenna has widespread usage in contemporary wireless communication systems, such as GPS, WLAN, RFID, and radars, due to their capability to suppress multipath fading and enhance signal strength [1]. The frequency and polarization reconfiguration can be accomplished by manipulating the path of surface current distribution in somehow, or equivalently, the electromagnetic fields on the antenna’s effective aperture [2]
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