A compact laser diode based photoacoustic spectral response technique to differentiate Brucellosis infected goat tissue from normal tissues

Abstract

Objectives. To differentiate Brucellosis infected goat udder tissues from the normal tissues by depicting their mechano-biological (elasticity, stiffness) properties through laser diode based photoacoustic spectral response (PASR) technique. Material and methods. In this study mechano-biological (elasticity, stiffness) properties of tissues are explored through custom-build laser diode based PASR technique to distinguish Brucellosis infected goat udder tissues from normal tissues. Total 16 formalin soaked tissue samples (8 normal and 8 Brucellosis infected) were included in the study to determine the efficiency of this technique. The frequency spectral response obtained through PASR is used to distinguish normal and abnormal goat udder tissues. The results of laser diode based PASR are also corroborated with conventional (ns-pulsed laser) PASR and histopathological findings, to determine the effectiveness of the technique. Results. The number of frequency peaks and the dominant frequency peak obtained through laser diode based PASR is used to distinguish normal and Brucellosis infected goat tissues. For a normal sample, there is only one frequency peak, which corresponds to (0.13 ± 0.03 MHz). In contrast, there are two frequency peaks at (0.16 ± 0.02 MHz) and at (0.78 ± 0.05 MHz) respectively for the Brucellosis infected tissue (second frequency peak being the dominant one). The results were also correlated with the conventional pulsed laser based PASR. Conclusion. We obtained an efficiency of 95.33% to differentiate Brucellosis infected tissues from normal tissue. Thus the proposed technique has a good potential for distinguishing the Brucellosis infected goat tissues from normal tissue and this technique can go to the fields in future.